{"id":9803,"date":"2020-05-18T15:31:53","date_gmt":"2020-05-18T13:31:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/consilab.de\/prestations\/caracteristiques-des-substances-relevant-de-la-securite\/upper-and-lower-explosion-limit\/"},"modified":"2022-07-11T16:02:13","modified_gmt":"2022-07-11T14:02:13","slug":"limite-inferieure-ou-superieure-dexplosivite","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/consilab.de\/fr\/prestations\/caracteristiques-des-substances-relevant-de-la-securite\/limite-inferieure-ou-superieure-dexplosivite\/","title":{"rendered":"Limite inf\u00e9rieure ou sup\u00e9rieure d\u2018explosivit\u00e9"},"content":{"rendered":"

[vc_row rt_row_background_width=\u00a0\u00bbfullwidth\u00a0\u00bb rt_row_content_width=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb rt_row_style=\u00a0\u00bbdefault-style\u00a0\u00bb rt_row_borders=\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0\u00bb rt_row_shadows=\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0\u00bb rt_row_paddings=\u00a0\u00bbfalse\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_effect=\u00a0\u00bbclassic\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_image_repeat=\u00a0\u00bbrepeat\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_size=\u00a0\u00bbcover\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_position=\u00a0\u00bbright top\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_attachment=\u00a0\u00bbscroll\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_video_format=\u00a0\u00bbself-hosted\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/3″ rt_column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_image_repeat=\u00a0\u00bbrepeat\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_size=\u00a0\u00bbauto auto\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_attachment=\u00a0\u00bbscroll\u00a0\u00bb class=\u00a0\u00bbdownload\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_color=\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_overlay_color=\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0\u00bb offset=\u00a0\u00bbvc_hidden-sm vc_hidden-xs\u00a0\u00bb css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1532422018913{padding-bottom: 0px !important;}\u00a0\u00bb rt_padding_bottom=\u00a0\u00bb0″][vc_widget_sidebar sidebar_id=\u00a0\u00bbrt-theme-20-common-sidebar\u00a0\u00bb][\/vc_column][vc_column width=\u00a0\u00bb2\/3″ rt_column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_image_repeat=\u00a0\u00bbrepeat\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_size=\u00a0\u00bbauto auto\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_attachment=\u00a0\u00bbscroll\u00a0\u00bb class=\u00a0\u00bbmaincontent\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_color=\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_overlay_color=\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0\u00bb css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1532422014773{padding-bottom: 2em !important;}\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column_text el_class=\u00a0\u00bbredborderleft\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n

D\u00c9TERMINATION DE LA LIMITE SUP\u00c9RIEURE ET INF\u00c9RIEURE D\u2019EXPLOSIVIT\u00c9, AINSI QUE DE LA CONCENTRATION LIMITE EN OXYG\u00c8NE DES GAZ ET DES VAPEURS<\/h1>\n

DANS LES ENTREPRISES QUI TRAVAILLENT AVEC DES LIQUIDES ET DES GAZ COMBUSTIBLES, IL FAUT S\u2019ATTENDRE AU RISQUE DE FORMATION D\u2018UNE ATMOSPH\u00c8RE EXPLOSIVE. CELLE-CI PEUT DONNER LIEU \u00c0 UNE EXPLOSION EN PR\u00c9SENCE D\u2019UNE SOURCE D\u2019INFLAMMATION\u00a0:<\/h2>\n

Une possible approche de protection est la pr\u00e9vention primaire des explosions, notamment par la mise en \u0153uvre de mesures visant \u00e0 emp\u00eacher toute formation d\u2019un m\u00e9lange explosif gaz\/air ou vapeur\/air.<\/p>\n

Les caract\u00e9ristiques essentielles pour juger de la pr\u00e9sence possible d\u2019une atmosph\u00e8re explosive sont la limite inf\u00e9rieure et la limite sup\u00e9rieure d\u2019explosivit\u00e9 (LIE \/ LES) ainsi que la concentration limite en oxyg\u00e8ne (CLO). Ces caract\u00e9ristiques d\u00e9finissent la zone \u00e0 risque dans laquelle le m\u00e9lange gaz\/air ou vapeur\/air est explosif (voir Figure).<\/p>\n

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La m\u00e9thode de d\u00e9termination de ces caract\u00e9ristiques est d\u00e9crite dans la norme DIN EN 1839 et elle est r\u00e9alis\u00e9e par consilab par la m\u00e9thode du tube (m\u00e9thode T), (voir figure \u00e0 gauche). Le m\u00e9lange utilis\u00e9 pour l\u2019essai est ajust\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019aide d\u2019un r\u00e9gulateur de d\u00e9bit massique. Il se compose de la substance \u00e0 tester et de carburant, d\u2019air et pour la d\u00e9termination de la concentration limite en oxyg\u00e8ne \u00e9galement en ajoutant un gaz inerte [par ex. N, vapeur d\u2019eau].<\/p>\n

Le m\u00e9lange d\u2019essai est alors introduit dans un caisson de m\u00e9lange en vue de son homog\u00e9n\u00e9isation. Le m\u00e9lange de carburant est ensuite conduit dans la chambre d\u2019explosion de forme cylindrique o\u00f9 il est enflamm\u00e9 par une \u00e9tincelle. Une inflammation a lieu si l\u2019on d\u00e9tecte visuellement une apparition de flamme apr\u00e8s le d\u00e9clenchement de la source d\u2019inflammation. Pour d\u00e9terminer la concentration limite en oxyg\u00e8ne, une sonde d\u2019oxyg\u00e8ne est introduite \u00e0 la sortie de la chambre d\u2019explosion, afin de permettre une d\u00e9termination en continu de l\u2019oxyg\u00e8ne.<\/p>\n

Les caract\u00e9ristiques d\u00e9pendent des temp\u00e9ratures et en r\u00e8gle g\u00e9n\u00e9rale, plus la temp\u00e9rature augmente, plus les caract\u00e9ristiques deviennent critiques. En vue d\u2019une orientation pratique de leur d\u00e9termination, l\u2019ensemble de l\u2019\u00e9quipement de test est plac\u00e9 dans une armoire de s\u00e9chage avec circulation d\u2019air qui permet de r\u00e9aliser une r\u00e9gulation de temp\u00e9rature permettant d\u2019atteindre des temp\u00e9ratures ambiantes de 200\u00b0 C. En amont, un \u00e9vaporateur permet de tester les substances \u00e0 faible teneur en mati\u00e8res volatiles. A l\u2019aide de la m\u00e9thode T, il est \u00e9galement possible de tester les substances difficilement inflammables, telles que l\u2019ammoniac, les amines ou les substances pr\u00e9sentant un taux d\u2019halog\u00e9nation \u00e9lev\u00e9.<\/p>\n

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