{"id":9828,"date":"2020-09-15T09:59:55","date_gmt":"2020-09-15T07:59:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/consilab.de\/prestations\/caracteristiques-des-substances-relevant-de-la-securite\/elektrische-leitfaehigkeit-von-fluessigkeiten\/"},"modified":"2022-07-11T16:07:43","modified_gmt":"2022-07-11T14:07:43","slug":"conductibilite-electrique-des-liquides","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/consilab.de\/fr\/prestations\/caracteristiques-des-substances-relevant-de-la-securite\/conductibilite-electrique-des-liquides\/","title":{"rendered":"Conductibilit\u00e9 \u00e9lectrique des liquides"},"content":{"rendered":"

[vc_row rt_row_background_width=\u00a0\u00bbfullwidth\u00a0\u00bb rt_row_content_width=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb rt_row_style=\u00a0\u00bbdefault-style\u00a0\u00bb rt_row_borders=\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0\u00bb rt_row_shadows=\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0\u00bb rt_row_paddings=\u00a0\u00bbfalse\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_effect=\u00a0\u00bbclassic\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_image_repeat=\u00a0\u00bbrepeat\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_size=\u00a0\u00bbcover\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_position=\u00a0\u00bbright top\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_attachment=\u00a0\u00bbscroll\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_video_format=\u00a0\u00bbself-hosted\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/3″ rt_column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_image_repeat=\u00a0\u00bbrepeat\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_size=\u00a0\u00bbauto auto\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_attachment=\u00a0\u00bbscroll\u00a0\u00bb class=\u00a0\u00bbdownload\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_color=\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_overlay_color=\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0\u00bb offset=\u00a0\u00bbvc_hidden-sm vc_hidden-xs\u00a0\u00bb css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1532422018913{padding-bottom: 0px !important;}\u00a0\u00bb rt_padding_bottom=\u00a0\u00bb0″][vc_widget_sidebar sidebar_id=\u00a0\u00bbrt-theme-20-common-sidebar\u00a0\u00bb][\/vc_column][vc_column width=\u00a0\u00bb2\/3″ rt_column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_image_repeat=\u00a0\u00bbrepeat\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_size=\u00a0\u00bbauto auto\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_attachment=\u00a0\u00bbscroll\u00a0\u00bb class=\u00a0\u00bbmaincontent\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_color=\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_overlay_color=\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0\u00bb css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1532422014773{padding-bottom: 2em !important;}\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column_text el_class=\u00a0\u00bbredborderleft\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n

Conductibilit\u00e9 \u00e9lectrique des liquides<\/h1>\n

Lorsque l\u2019on remplit ou vide des r\u00e9servoirs avec des liquides, ou que l\u2019on transvase, agite, m\u00e9lange ou vaporise des liquides, mais \u00e9galement lors du pr\u00e9l\u00e8vement d\u2019\u00e9chantillons ou lors des travaux de nettoyage, il est possible que de dangereuses charges \u00e9lectrostatiques se forment dans les liquides en mouvement ou \u00e0 l\u2019int\u00e9rieur des r\u00e9cipients. (TRGS 727, chapitre 4)<\/h2>\n

Avoir connaissance de la conductibilit\u00e9 \u00e9lectrique (valeur inverse de la r\u00e9sistance sp\u00e9cifique) du liquide est d\u2019une importance primordiale pour \u00eatre en mesure d\u2019\u00e9valuer correctement le danger d\u2019une possible d\u00e9charge \u00e9lectrostatique dans un liquide.<\/p>\n

Conform\u00e9ment \u00e0 la r\u00e8glementation TRGS 727, on classifie une substance ou un mat\u00e9riau en fonction de sa r\u00e9sistance interne sp\u00e9cifique comme suit :<\/p>\n

Conductible : \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u03c1 \u2264 104<\/sup> \u03a9m<\/p>\n

Antistatique : \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 104<\/sup> \u03a9m < \u03c1 <109<\/sup> \u03a9m<\/p>\n

Isolant : \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 109<\/sup> \u03a9m \u2264 \u03c1<\/p>\n

Conform\u00e9ment \u00e0 la r\u00e8glementation TRGS\u00a0727, on classifie un liquide en fonction de sa conductibilit\u00e9 comme suit :<\/p>\n

Conductibilit\u00e9 faible :\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u03ba \u2264 50 pS\/m*<\/p>\n

Conductibilit\u00e9 moyenne :\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 50 pS\/m* < \u03ba \u2264 10000 pS\/m<\/p>\n

Conductibilit\u00e9 \u00e9lev\u00e9e :\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 10000 pS\/m < \u03ba<\/p>\n

Note de bas de page*:50 pS\/m pour les hydrocarbures ou 100 pS\/m pour les autres liquides.<\/p>\n

La d\u00e9termination de la r\u00e9sistance sp\u00e9cifique du liquide ou de la conductibilit\u00e9 \u00e9lectrique du liquide s\u2019effectue en conformit\u00e9 avec la norme DIN EN 60079-32-2 – Danger \u00e9lectrostatique \u2013 Essais ou avec la norme DIN\u00a051412-1.<\/p>\n

La r\u00e9sistance interne est mesur\u00e9e \u00e0 l\u2019aide d\u2019un Tera-Ohmm\u00e8tre. Comme \u00e9lectrode pour liquides, on utilise une \u00e9lectrode conform\u00e9ment \u00e0 la norme DIN\u00a051412-1. Cette cellule de mesure se compose d\u2019une \u00e9lectrode interne et d\u2019une \u00e9lectrode externe. Dans la zone de mesure, les deux \u00e9lectrodes sont s\u00e9par\u00e9es par une fente remplie du liquide \u00e0 mesurer. Un sch\u00e9ma de l\u2019\u00e9lectrode se r\u00e9f\u00e9rant \u00e0 la norme DIN 51412-1 est repr\u00e9sent\u00e9 en Figure 1<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

\"\"

Figure 1 : Structure sch\u00e9matique de la cellule de mesure pour liquide (extraite de la norme DIN 51412-1)<\/p><\/div>\n

L\u2019essai peut \u00e9galement \u00eatre r\u00e9alis\u00e9 avec l\u2019\u00e9lectrode conform\u00e9ment \u00e0 la norme DIN EN 60247. La Figure 2<\/strong> est une repr\u00e9sentation sch\u00e9matis\u00e9e de l\u2019\u00e9lectrode, extraite de la norme DIN EN 60247.<\/p>\n

\"\"

Figure 2 : Structure sch\u00e9matis\u00e9e de la cellule de mesure pour liquide (extraite de la norme DIN EN 60247)<\/p><\/div>\n

La tension de mesure du Tera-Ohmm\u00e8tre TO3 est en principe de 100 V. On d\u00e9termine la r\u00e9sistance interne (ou la r\u00e9sistance interne sp\u00e9cifique) du liquide tout en relevant en parall\u00e8le la temp\u00e9rature du liquide, la temp\u00e9rature de l\u2019air et l\u2019hygrom\u00e9trie. En tenant compte de la constante de cellule, on obtient la r\u00e9sistance interne sp\u00e9cifique \u03c1 par rapport \u00e0 \u03c1 = RD<\/sub> \u00b7 K.<\/em><\/p>\n

Les mesures peuvent \u00e9galement \u00eatre r\u00e9alis\u00e9es \u00e0 une temp\u00e9rature plus \u00e9lev\u00e9e au max. de 80\u00b0C.<\/p>\n

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