{"id":9895,"date":"2020-05-13T11:23:11","date_gmt":"2020-05-13T09:23:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/consilab.de\/prestations\/dispositif-de-controle-des-bonnes-pratiques-de-laboratoire\/statische-methode-zur-bestimmung-des-dampfdruckes\/"},"modified":"2022-07-11T18:39:06","modified_gmt":"2022-07-11T16:39:06","slug":"determination-de-la-pression-de-vapeur-de-substances-liquides-et-solides","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/consilab.de\/fr\/prestations\/dispositif-de-controle-des-bonnes-pratiques-de-laboratoire\/determination-de-la-pression-de-vapeur-de-substances-liquides-et-solides\/","title":{"rendered":"D\u00e9termination de la pression de vapeur de substances liquides et solides"},"content":{"rendered":"

[vc_row rt_row_background_width=\u00a0\u00bbfullwidth\u00a0\u00bb rt_row_content_width=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb rt_row_style=\u00a0\u00bbdefault-style\u00a0\u00bb rt_row_borders=\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0\u00bb rt_row_shadows=\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0\u00bb rt_row_paddings=\u00a0\u00bbtrue\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_effect=\u00a0\u00bbclassic\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_image_repeat=\u00a0\u00bbrepeat\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_size=\u00a0\u00bbcover\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_position=\u00a0\u00bbright top\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_attachment=\u00a0\u00bbscroll\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_video_format=\u00a0\u00bbself-hosted\u00a0\u00bb rt_padding_bottom=\u00a0\u00bb0″][vc_column width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/3″ rt_column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_image_repeat=\u00a0\u00bbrepeat\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_size=\u00a0\u00bbauto auto\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_attachment=\u00a0\u00bbscroll\u00a0\u00bb class=\u00a0\u00bbdownload\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_color=\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_overlay_color=\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0\u00bb offset=\u00a0\u00bbvc_hidden-sm vc_hidden-xs\u00a0\u00bb css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1529335398592{padding-bottom: 0px !important;}\u00a0\u00bb rt_padding_bottom=\u00a0\u00bb0″][vc_widget_sidebar sidebar_id=\u00a0\u00bbrt-theme-20-common-sidebar\u00a0\u00bb][\/vc_column][vc_column width=\u00a0\u00bb2\/3″ rt_column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_image_repeat=\u00a0\u00bbrepeat\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_size=\u00a0\u00bbauto auto\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_attachment=\u00a0\u00bbscroll\u00a0\u00bb class=\u00a0\u00bbmaincontent\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_color=\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_overlay_color=\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0\u00bb css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1532424408545{margin-bottom: 1em !important;padding-bottom: 2em !important;}\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column_text el_class=\u00a0\u00bbredborderleft\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n

D\u00e9termination de la pression de vapeur de substances liquides et solides \u00e0 tester \u00e0 l\u2019aide de la m\u00e9thode de mesure statique (oecd 104)<\/h1>\n

Conform\u00e9ment au R\u00e8glement CEE (CE) n\u00b0 1907\/2006 (soit en l\u2019occurrence le r\u00e8glement REACH), les substances chimiques n\u2019ont le droit d\u2019\u00eatre mises en circulation au sein de l\u2019Union Europ\u00e9enne qu\u2019\u00e0 condition d\u2019avoir \u00e9t\u00e9 pr\u00e9alablement enregistr\u00e9es. Pour toutes les substances dont la production annuelle exc\u00e8de une tonne, un dossier technique doit \u00eatre pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 \u00e0 cet effet, et il doit entre autres stipuler la pression de vapeur de la substance, en plus des autres informations relatives \u00e0 la s\u00e9curit\u00e9.<\/p>\n

On d\u00e9signe par pression de vapeur d\u2019un liquide ou d\u2019un solide la pression qui s\u2019\u00e9tablit lorsque la phase gazeuse et la phase respective condens\u00e9e sont en \u00e9quilibre. Cet \u00e9quilibre entre la phase liquide et la phase gazeuse (courbe de pression de vapeur) est fonction de la temp\u00e9rature. En cas d\u2019\u00e9l\u00e9vation de la temp\u00e9rature, la pression de vapeur augmente.<\/p>\n

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M\u00e9thode d\u2018essai selon la ligne directrice TG 104 de l\u2019OECD<\/p>\n

La condition pr\u00e9alable essentielle pour l\u2019utilisation de la m\u00e9thode de mesure statique en vue de la d\u00e9termination de la pression de vapeur est qu\u2019un \u00e9quilibre se soit \u00e9tabli \u00e0 une temp\u00e9rature sp\u00e9cifi\u00e9e avant que l\u2019on proc\u00e8de \u00e0 la mesure. Cela signifie que la pression, le volume, la temp\u00e9rature et la concentration de substance doivent \u00eatre constantes au moment de la mesure. L\u2019Organisation de coop\u00e9ration et de d\u00e9veloppement \u00e9conomiques (OECD) exige en outre pour la validation de la mesure qu\u2019une divergence maximale de 10% et une constance de temp\u00e9rature de 0,2K soient garanties. Le laboratoire consilab dispose d\u2019un tel appareillage, qui a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 de mani\u00e8re \u00e0 r\u00e9pondre enti\u00e8rement \u00e0 ces exigences. A l\u2019aide de cet appareillage, il est possible de mesurer des pressions de vapeur dans une plage de 133 Pa \u00e0 2,6105<\/sup> Pa dans une plage de temp\u00e9rature de 40 \u00e0 200\u00b0C.<\/p>\n

Pour la d\u00e9termination de la pression de vapeur, on introduit l\u2018\u00e9chantillon dans l\u2019appareillage, \u00e0 l\u2019int\u00e9rieur duquel celui-ci est d\u00e9gaz\u00e9 \u201ein situ\u201c par pompage cyclique. Ensuite, l\u2019ensemble de l\u2019appareillage, y compris le capteur de pression, est chauff\u00e9 \u00e0 la temp\u00e9rature souhait\u00e9e. Une fois que la temp\u00e9rature cibl\u00e9e est atteinte et que l\u2019\u00e9quilibre vapeur-liquide est \u00e9tabli, on mesure la pression de vapeur \u00e0 la temp\u00e9rature choisie. Il est ensuite possible de choisir une autre temp\u00e9rature. Selon cette m\u00e9thode, on d\u00e9termine progressivement la courbe de pression de vapeur de la substance d\u2019essai.<\/p>\n

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Courbe de pression de vapeur du cum\u00e8ne, mesur\u00e9e chez consilab, avec les donn\u00e9es bibliographiques correspondantes<\/p><\/div>\n

Outre la m\u00e9thode de mesure ici d\u00e9crite, le laboratoire consilab est \u00e9galement \u00e9quip\u00e9 de deux autres appareillages pour la d\u00e9termination de la pression de vapeur, qui permettent de r\u00e9aliser des mesures pour d\u2019autres plages de temp\u00e9rature et de pression.[\/vc_column_text][vc_row_inner rt_row_style=\u00a0\u00bbglobal-style\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_custom_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbtop\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column_inner width=\u00a0\u00bb2\/3″ rt_column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_image_repeat=\u00a0\u00bbrepeat\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_size=\u00a0\u00bbauto auto\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_attachment=\u00a0\u00bbscroll\u00a0\u00bb][vc_btn title=\u00a0\u00bbDispositif de contr\u00f4le des bonnes pratiques de laboratoire\u00a0\u00bb style=\u00a0\u00bbclassic\u00a0\u00bb color=\u00a0\u00bbpurple\u00a0\u00bb i_icon_fontawesome=\u00a0\u00bbfas fa-angle-left\u00a0\u00bb add_icon=\u00a0\u00bbtrue\u00a0\u00bb link=\u00a0\u00bburl:%2Ffr%2Fprestations%2Fdispositif-de-controle-des-bonnes-pratiques-de-laboratoire%2F|title:Dispositif%20de%20contr%C3%B4le%20des%20bonnes%20pratiques%20de%20laboratoire\u00a0\u00bb el_class=\u00a0\u00bbbtn–red\u00a0\u00bb][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/3″ rt_column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_image_repeat=\u00a0\u00bbrepeat\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_size=\u00a0\u00bbauto auto\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_attachment=\u00a0\u00bbscroll\u00a0\u00bb][vc_btn title=\u00a0\u00bbPrestations\u00a0\u00bb style=\u00a0\u00bbclassic\u00a0\u00bb color=\u00a0\u00bbpurple\u00a0\u00bb i_icon_fontawesome=\u00a0\u00bbfas fa-angle-left\u00a0\u00bb add_icon=\u00a0\u00bbtrue\u00a0\u00bb link=\u00a0\u00bburl:%2Ffr%2Fprestations%2F|title:Prestations\u00a0\u00bb el_class=\u00a0\u00bbbtn–red\u00a0\u00bb][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

[vc_row rt_row_background_width=\u00a0\u00bbfullwidth\u00a0\u00bb rt_row_content_width=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb rt_row_style=\u00a0\u00bbdefault-style\u00a0\u00bb rt_row_borders=\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0\u00bb rt_row_shadows=\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0\u00bb rt_row_paddings=\u00a0\u00bbtrue\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_effect=\u00a0\u00bbclassic\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_image_repeat=\u00a0\u00bbrepeat\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_size=\u00a0\u00bbcover\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_position=\u00a0\u00bbright top\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_attachment=\u00a0\u00bbscroll\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_video_format=\u00a0\u00bbself-hosted\u00a0\u00bb rt_padding_bottom=\u00a0\u00bb0″][vc_column width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/3″ rt_column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_image_repeat=\u00a0\u00bbrepeat\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_size=\u00a0\u00bbauto auto\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_attachment=\u00a0\u00bbscroll\u00a0\u00bb class=\u00a0\u00bbdownload\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_color=\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_overlay_color=\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0\u00bb offset=\u00a0\u00bbvc_hidden-sm vc_hidden-xs\u00a0\u00bb css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1529335398592{padding-bottom: 0px !important;}\u00a0\u00bb rt_padding_bottom=\u00a0\u00bb0″][vc_widget_sidebar sidebar_id=\u00a0\u00bbrt-theme-20-common-sidebar\u00a0\u00bb][\/vc_column][vc_column width=\u00a0\u00bb2\/3″ rt_column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_image_repeat=\u00a0\u00bbrepeat\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_size=\u00a0\u00bbauto auto\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_attachment=\u00a0\u00bbscroll\u00a0\u00bb class=\u00a0\u00bbmaincontent\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_color=\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0\u00bb rt_bg_overlay_color=\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0\u00bb css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1532424408545{margin-bottom: 1em !important;padding-bottom: 2em !important;}\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column_text el_class=\u00a0\u00bbredborderleft\u00a0\u00bb] D\u00e9termination de la pression de vapeur de substances liquides …
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