Determining particle size distribution

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Determining particle size distribution

The particle size distribution is an important material parameter for the characterization of products in powder form because many safety-related parameters depend on the fineness of dusts.

Particle size distribution can be determined in a number of ways. One way is sieving and laser diffraction. In the latter, the sample is placed in a laser diffraction device via a vibration chute that ensures continuous addition. Inside the measuring device, the particles are dispersed in an air stream and pass through a laser beam. The instrument calculates the grain size distribution of the sample, from which the median value D50 can be read, by means of the scattering and intensity of the laser. The interactions between laser and particle depend on the shape, size and surface of the particles. There are therefore multiple theories with which the particle size distribution can be determined from the laser scattering. For spherical particles, the Fraunhofer control theory or the Mie theory are applied.

Due to the material properties, it may be necessary to disperse and measure the sample in specific media using a wet dispersion cell. This makes it possible to examine pyrophoric, hygroscopic or mechanically sensitive substances.